Populations of doubled haploids for genetic mapping in hexaploid winter triticale.

To create a framework for genetic dissection of hexaploid triticale, six populations of doubled haploid (DH) lines were developed from pairwise hybrids of high-yielding winter triticale cultivars. The six populations comprise between 97 and 231 genotyped DH lines each, totaling 957 DH lines. A consensus genetic map spans 4593.9 cM is composed of 1576 unique DArT markers. The maps reveal several structural rearrangements in triticale genomes. In preliminary tests of the populations and maps, markers specific to wheat segments of the engineered rye chromosome 1R (RM1B) were identified. Example QTL mapping of days to heading in cv. Krakowiak revealed loci on chromosomes 2BL and 2R responsible for extended vernalization requirement, and candidate genes were identified. The material is available to all parties interested in triticale genetics

Impact of the ash deposits from coal combustion on thermal conditions of the furnace pipes

One of the problems of thermal power plants is the contamination of heating surfaces that arises during the boiler unit operation while combusting the solid fuel. The main part of the energy is consumed by pipes forming the furnace. Non-combustible mineral part of the fuel in the form of the ash and slag accumulates on the heating surfaces and thereby prevents heating of the working liquid. Therefore, boiler requires higher fuel consumption to maintain the operating conditions. Violation of the thermal conditions of heating surfaces in consequence of contamination causes the negative effects on metal pipes right up to failure. This problem is urgent due to the fact that information about the process of slagging and its effect on the thermal conditions of the heating surface operation enables the possibility to minimize the negative consequences. This possibility is achieved by adjusting the thermal conditions of the combustion process in the furnace with the periodic cleaning of the heating surfaces

Experimental researches of mechanoelectrical transformations in tashtagolsky iron-ore field rock

Physical modeling in lab is approach of definition of main mechanical transformations behaviours inrock massive for choice of electromagnetical signals optimum characteristics and parameters ofelectomagnetical emission for developed approach of crush burst estimate. It is support connection betweenmechanoelectrical transformations characteristics and stress strain state of researched object. Physical modelingof mechanoelectrical transformations in the lab was made under a press by axial quasistatic compression of rockspecimen up to destruction. During stressing applied injections of specimens using determined acoustic signals. For researches used model and real specimens of Tashtagolsky iron-ore field rock, such as ore and matrix rock

Cell Microbiol.

Helicobacter pylori is one of the most common bacterial pathogens, infecting about 50% of the world population. The presence of a pathogenicity island (PAl) in H. pylori has been associated with gastric disease. We present evidence that the H. pylori protein encoded by the cytotoxin- associated gene A (cagA) is translocated and phosphorylated in infected epithelial cells. Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) of proteins isolated from infected AGS cells revealed H. pylori strain-specific and time- dependent tyrosine phosphorylation and dephosphorylation of several 125-135 kDa and 75-80 kDa proteins. Immunoblotting studies, matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI-MS), cell fractionation and confocal microscopy demonstrated that one of the 125-135 kDa proteins represents the H. pylori CagA protein, which is translocated into the host cell membrane and the cytoplasm. Translocation of CagA was dependent on functional cagA gene and virulence (vir) genes of a type IV secretion apparatus composed of virB4, virB7, virB10, virB11 and virD4 encoded in the cag PAl of H. pylori. Our findings support the view that H. pylori actively translocates virulence determinants, including CagA, which could be involved in the development of a variety of gastric disease.SCOPUS: ar.jFLWINinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishe

Evidences of organic acids exudation in aluminium stress responses of two Madeiran wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) landraces

Two wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Madeiran landraces were subjected to 100 μM and 200 μM of aluminium (Al) in hydroponic culture, assessing the organic acid exudation role in plant’s responses to this metal. Samples of initial landrace populations (F0), F3 and haplodiploid lines (DH) were evaluated using standard tests: eriochrome cyanine R staining, root elongation and callose accumulation in roots. Root exudates were obtained to determine if the accumulation of malic and citric acids in hydroponic medium was a response to Al exposure. Additionally, the presence of ALMT1 gene was determined using five microsatellite markers. Standard tests confirmed that ISOP 76 was Al tolerant and ISOP 239, Al susceptible. ISOP 76, in the presence of 100 μM Al, exuded substantially more malic acid (12.87 to 43.33 mg/L), than ISOP 239 (3.65 to 7.72 mg/L). The levels of both organic acid exudation were substantially lower in ISOP 239 than in the ISOP 76. In the presence of 200 μM Al, ISOP 76 F0 shows a higher root elongation ratio (better tolerates Al), but the DH line was the one that exuded higher content of malic acid. Different gene alleles and promoters were detected in both landraces. Molecular differences could explain the observed dissimilarity in organic acid exudation response to Al stress.The authors are grateful to the Madeiran farmers providing samples of wheat landraces, and to all staff of CGR ISOPlexis Gene bank and of the Department of Biological Sciences of Alberta University for support and access to laboratory facilities. This work got the funding support from the programs INTERREG III-B, contract 05/MAC/4.1/C15 and Madeira PO 14-20, contract CASBio, refª. M1420-01-0145-FEDER-000011.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Pollen productivity estimates from old-growth forest strongly differ from those obtained in cultural landscapes: Evidence from the Biaowiea National Park, Poland

Pollen productivity estimates of individual plant taxa are necessary when determining changes of vegetation cover during the Holocene. To date, studies describing this parameter in lowland temperate Europe have been carried out in cultural landscapes showing low forest cover and dominated by human activities. However, these may be of limited use when applied to reconstruct past land cover, for instance, from pre-agricultural landscapes. The aim of this paper is to ascertain whether pollen productivity from the closed-canopy old-growth forest in the Białowieża National Park, Poland, where human impact has been minimal for nearly a century, is different from that calculated in much more open landscapes. We ask: how much does forest antiquity and structure influence the amount of pollen released from particular taxa? We implemented maximum likelihood estimation of relative pollen productivity for seven tree species and for Poaceae using 18 modern pollen assemblages and distance-weighted plant abundances. Our results demonstrate that the ratio of pollen productivity between high producers (Pinus sylvestris and Quercus robur) and low producers (Poaceae, Corylus avellana) is on an average six times greater in Białowieża than across other European cultural landscapes. Pollen from forest Poaceae and C. avellana is six times more under-represented in old-growth forest than hitherto estimated from cultural landscapes. This finding reinforces the idea that pollen productivity can vary in response to changes in the prevailing environmental settings and we present for the first time a quantification of this variability, likely induced by differences in light availability

Disease heterogeneity of adult diabetes based on routine clinical parameters at diagnosis: Results from the German/Austrian DPV registry.

AIMS To cluster adults with diabetes using parameters from real-world clinical care at manifestation. MATERIALS AND METHODS We applied hierarchical clustering using Ward's method to 56,869 adults documented in the Prospective Diabetes Follow-up Registry (DPV). Clustering variables included age, sex, BMI, HbA1c, diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), components of the metabolic syndrome (hypertension/dyslipidemia/hyperuricemia), and beta-cell antibody status. Time until use of oral antidiabetic drugs (OAD), use of insulin, chronic kidney disease (CKD), cardiovascular disease (CVD), retinopathy, or neuropathy were assessed using Kaplan Meier analysis and Cox regression models. RESULTS We identified eight clusters: Four clusters comprised early diabetes onset (median age between 40 and 50 years), but differed with regard to BMI, HbA1c, DKA and antibody positivity. Two clusters included adults with diabetes onset in their early 60s who met target HbA1c, but differed in BMI and sex distribution. Two clusters were characterized by late diabetes onset (median age 69 and 77 years) and relatively low BMI, but differences in HbA1c. Earlier insulin use was observed in adults with high HbA1c, and earlier OAD use was observed in those with high BMI. Time until CKD or CVD was shorter in those with late onset, whereas retinopathy occurred earlier in adults with late onset and high HbA1c, and in adults with early onset, but high HbA1c and high percentage of antibody positivity. CONCLUSIONS Adult diabetes is heterogeneous beyond classical type 1/type 2 diabetes, based on easily available parameters in clinical practice using an automated clustering algorithm which allows both continuous and binary variables. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved

Artificial neural networks application in thermography

In this paper, we present an application of artificial neural network (ANN) analysis in the thermovision identification of the studied thermal fields. Precise thermal field identification plays an important role in distinguished technological processes, for instance in metallurgy. Our efforts were focused in this direction. Thermovision outputs are usually thermograms with a form of a quasi-coloured imaging record of an observed temperature field. A thermogram is usually registered and presented in a form of an electronic or printed image. The character of such a document is informational only, and real temperature values are difficult to detect. The exploitation of neural networks is advantageous, if it is necessary to express complex mutual relations among sensor-based data. More accurate results of the predictions of different metallurgical parameters with the exploitation of neural networks are based on the fact that the application of neural networks enables the assignment of relations among process parameters which cannot be traced using common methods due to their mutual interactions, the considerable amount of data, dynamics and the thus ensuing time demands.Papers presented at the 13th International Conference on Heat Transfer, Fluid Mechanics and Thermodynamics, Portoroz, Slovenia on 17-19 July 2017 .International centre for heat and mass transfer.American society of thermal and fluids engineers